This picture represents what obstacle: Poor maps and navigational tools. Which of the following was NOT an obstacle to European exploration: Poorly built ships. What order did the West African kingdoms exist: Ghana, Mali, Songhai. European countries were looking for a shorter trade route to: Asia. West African kingdoms were eager to trade for what: Metals, cloth, and other manufactured goods. Which empire is in brown: Ghana. Which empire is in yellow: Songhai. What were the ACCOMPLISHMENTS of exploration: Claimed territories, exchanged goods and ideas, improved navigational tools and ships. This picture is an example of what: Accomplishment of exploration. What did the West African Kingdoms do to gain power: Controlled trade. What obstacle is shown in the image: Fear of the unknown. What were the MOTIVATIONS of exploration: . What does the above picture show: Motivations of exploration. What spice would help to preserve foods like meat: Salt. The Kingdoms of Ghana Mali and Songhai were located..: South of the Sahara desert near the Niger River